Fluorite is an important non-metallic mineral raw material, which is widely used in chemical industry, steel, aluminum smelting, ceramics and other industries. It is the main raw material for preparing fluorine. With the development of science and technology, fluorite is used in high-tech industries. Gradually increase, it has become an important strategic mineral resource. The beneficiation and separation technology of fluorite is an important means to improve the grade of fluorite, and it is also the basis of fluorine chemical technology. According to different types of fluorite, their beneficiation methods are also different. This article will take you to understand the main types of fluorite and their beneficiation methods.

According to the composition of its symbiotic minerals, fluorite can be roughly divided into single-type fluorite, quartz-type fluorite, sulfide-type fluorite, calcite-type fluorite, barite-type fluorite, silicon Seven types of rock-type fluorite and carbonate-type fluorite.

1, single fluorite

Single-type fluorite is almost composed of a single fluorite mineral, and also contains a small amount of quartz and calcite. Most of them are produced in veins. The grade of calcium fluoride is generally 35%-40%, and a few fluorites greater than 65% It can be used directly as a smelting-grade fluorite resource, but it has fewer reserves and a higher degree of development.

Due to the simple composition of the ore, a single fluorite ore generally only needs to use alkaline oleic acid for simple flotation, sweeping, and several selections to obtain high-grade concentrate products.

2, Quartz Fluorite

Quartz-type fluorite uses fluorite and quartz as the main minerals. The content of fluorite can reach 80%~90%, and it contains a small amount of calcite, barite, and sulfide. The mineral composition of quartz-type fluorite is relatively simple and easy to sort, but it is easy to mix quartz concentrate into fluorite concentrate to increase the silica content. Therefore, the silicon reduction of the concentrate has become the focus of the sorting of quartz-type fluorite.

Quartz-type fluorite is generally sorted by flotation method, and the grinding operation has a great influence on its sorting index. The fine-grained embedded quartz fluorite generally adopts a stage grinding stage separation process to ensure that the quartz and fluorite monomers dissociate without causing over-grinding. Sodium carbonate is used as a pH adjuster during flotation, and oleic acid , Oxidized paraffin soap can be used as a collector, water glass as an inhibitor, and high-grade fluorite concentrate can be selected for multiple selections.

3. Sulfide fluorite

Sulfide-type fluorite has a similar mineral composition to quartz-type fluorite, but sulfide-type fluorite contains more heavy metal sulfides. When developing, not only the recovery effect of fluorite, but also other metals should be considered Comprehensive recovery of minerals.

For this kind of fluorite minerals, the method of preferential flotation of metal sulfide and then fluorite is generally adopted, in which metal sulfide uses sulfide collector and fluorite uses fatty acid collector. Based on the flotation process, roasting, leaching and other means can also be used to separate metal sulfides and fluorite.

4. Calcite-type fluorite

The main minerals of calcite-type fluorite are calcite and fluorite. The content of calcite is more than 30%. It also contains metal sulfide minerals such as galena, sphalerite and pyrite.

Calcite and fluorite are both calcium-containing minerals with similar physical and chemical properties and difficult to separate. Water glass, salted water glass, acidified water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, Lignosulfonate, dextrin, tannin, tannin extract and other inhibitors inhibit calcite, and fatty acid collectors are used as fluorite collectors to realize the separation of calcite and fluorite.

5. Barite fluorite

Barite-type fluorite uses barite and fluorite as the main minerals. The content of barite is between 10% and 40%. The barite and fluorite are vertically zoning in the ore body, and are separated from pyrite. , Galena, sphalerite, and a small amount of calcite.

The floatability of barite and fluorite is similar. Generally, a mixed flotation method is used. Sodium carbonate is used to adjust the pH value and water glass is used as an inhibitor to obtain a mixed concentrate of barite and fluorite, which is then separated by flotation. Barite and fluorite.

6. Siliceous rock type fluorite

The siliceous rock type fluorite is formed by sedimentation, and the fluorite is generally distributed in the shale, mica quartz schist in the form of fine-grained disseminated, cemented, strip-micro-layered, massive, and flat lens. , Quartzite and other siliceous rocks.

This kind of ore has a large amount of primary sludge and uneven distribution particle size. The concentrate obtained by using conventional flotation methods has a high silica content. It can be improved by adding a pretreatment agent in the grinding stage. Flotation can effectively suppress silicate gangue minerals in this type of minerals.

7. Carbonate fluorite

Carbonate fluorite is also formed by sedimentation. Fluorite is distributed in limestone and marble in fine-grained form. It forms a granular co-inlaid structure or metamorphic structure with calcite or dolomite, and some forms stripes and bands. Shape, microlayer to thin layer structure. The main minerals are fluorite and calcite, and the calcium carbonate content is about 30%.

Because of the similar flotation properties of fluorite and calcium carbonate, this type of fluorite is more difficult to choose. When fatty acids are used as collectors, high temperature slurry treatment at 50~60°C and calcium inhibitors are required. However, this method has a large investment cost, a large area, and a high production cost.